HTML Forms are used to select different kinds of user input.
Forms
A form is an area that can contain form elements.
Form elements are elements that allow the user to enter information (like text fields, textarea fields, drop-down menus, radio buttons, checkboxes, etc.) in a form.
A form is defined with the
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Input
The most used form tag is the tag. The type of input is specified with the type attribute. The most commonly used input types are explained below.
Text Fields
Text fields are used when you want the user to type letters, numbers, etc. in a form.
First name:
Last name:
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How it looks in a browser:
Note that the form itself is not visible. Also note that in most browsers, the width of the text field is 20 characters by default.
Radio Buttons
Radio Buttons are used when you want the user to select one of a limited number of choices.
Male
Female
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How it looks in a browser:
Note that only one option can be chosen.
Checkboxes
Checkboxes are used when you want the user to select one or more options of a limited number of choices.
I have a bike:
I have a car:
I have an airplane:
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How it looks in a browser:
The Form's Action Attribute and the Submit Button
When the user clicks on the "Submit" button, the content of the form is sent to another file. The form's action attribute defines the name of the file to send the content to. The file defined in the action attribute usually does something with the received input.
method="get"> Username:
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How it looks in a browser:
If you type some characters in the text field above, and click the "Submit" button, you will send your input to a page called "html_form_action.asp". That page will show you the received input.
More Examples
Checkboxes
This example demonstrates how to create check-boxes on an HTML page. A user can select or unselect a checkbox.
Radio buttons
This example demonstrates how to create radio-buttons on an HTML page.
Simple drop down box
This example demonstrates how to create a simple drop-down box on an HTML page. A drop-down box is a selectable list.
Another drop down box
This example demonstrates how to create a simple drop-down box with a pre-selected value.
Textarea
This example demonstrates how to create a text-area (a multi-line text input control). A user can write text in the text-area. In a text-area you can write an unlimited number of characters.
Create a button
This example demonstrates how to create a button. On the button you can define your own text.
Fieldset around data
This example demonstrates how to draw a border with a caption around your data.
Form Examples
Form with input fields and a submit button
This example demonstrates how to add a form to a page. The form contains two input fields and a submit button.
Form with checkboxes
This form contains two checkboxes, and a submit button.
Form with radio buttons
This form contains two radio buttons, and a submit button.
Send e-mail from a form
This example demonstrates how to send e-mail from a form.
Form Tags
Tag | Description |
Defines a form for user input | |
Defines an input field | |
Defines a text-area (a multi-line text input control) | |
Defines a label to a control | |
Defines a fieldset | |
Defines a caption for a fieldset | |
Defines a selectable list (a drop-down box) | |
Defines an option group | |
Defines an option in the drop-down box | |
Defines a push button | |
| Deprecated. Use instead |
HTML Images
With HTML you can display images in a document.
Examples
Insert images
This example demonstrates how to display images in your Web page.
Insert images from different locations
This example demonstrates how to display images from another folder or another server in your Web page.
(You can find more examples at the bottom of this page)
The Image Tag and the Src Attribute
In HTML, images are defined with the tag.
The tag is empty, which means that it contains attributes only and it has no closing tag.
To display an image on a page, you need to use the src attribute. Src stands for "source". The value of the src attribute is the URL of the image you want to display on your page.
The syntax of defining an image:
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The URL points to the location where the image is stored. An image named "boat.gif" located in the directory "images" on "www.w3schools.com" has the URL: http://www.w3schools.com/images/boat.gif.
The browser puts the image where the image tag occurs in the document. If you put an image tag between two paragraphs, the browser shows the first paragraph, then the image, and then the second paragraph.
The Alt Attribute
The alt attribute is used to define an "alternate text" for an image. The value of the alt attribute is an author-defined text:
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The "alt" attribute tells the reader what he or she is missing on a page if the browser can't load images. The browser will then display the alternate text instead of the image. It is a good practice to include the "alt" attribute for each image on a page, to improve the display and usefulness of your document for people who have text-only browsers.
Basic Notes - Useful Tips
If an HTML file contains ten images - eleven files are required to display the page right. Loading images take time, so my best advice is: Use images carefully.
More Examples
Background image
This example demonstrates how to add a background image to an HTML page.
Aligning images
This example demonstrates how to align an image within the text.
Let the image float
This example demonstrates how to let an image float to the left or right of a paragraph.
Adjust images to different sizes
This example demonstrates how to adjust images to different sizes.
Display an alternate text for an image
This example demonstrates how to display an alternate text for an image. The "alt" attribute tells the reader what he or she is missing on a page if the browser can't load images. It is a good practice to include the "alt" attribute for each image on a page.
Make a hyperlink of an image
This example demonstrates how to use an image as a link.
Create an image map
This example demonstrates how to create an image map, with clickable regions. Each of the regions is a hyperlink.
Turn an image into an image map
This example demonstrates how to turn an image into an image map. You will see that if you move the mouse over the image, the coordinates will be displayed on the status bar.
Image Tags
Tag | Description |
Defines an image | |
Defines an image map | |
Defines a clickable area inside an image map |
HTML Backgrounds
A good background can make a Web site look really great.
Examples
Good background and text color
An example of a background color and a text color that makes the text on the page easy to read.
Bad background and text color
An example of a background color and a text color that makes the text on the page difficult to read.
(You can find more examples at the bottom of this page)
Backgrounds
The tag has two attributes where you can specify backgrounds. The background can be a color or an image.
Bgcolor
The bgcolor attribute specifies a background-color for an HTML page. The value of this attribute can be a hexadecimal number, an RGB value, or a color name:
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The lines above all set the background-color to black.
Background
The background attribute specifies a background-image for an HTML page. The value of this attribute is the URL of the image you want to use. If the image is smaller than the browser window, the image will repeat itself until it fills the entire browser window.
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The URL can be relative (as in the first line above) or absolute (as in the second line above).
Note: If you want to use a background image, you should keep in mind:
- Will the background image increase the loading time too much?
- Will the background image look good with other images on the page?
- Will the background image look good with the text colors on the page?
- Will the background image look good when it is repeated on the page?
- Will the background image take away the focus from the text?
Basic Notes - Useful Tips
The bgcolor, background, and the text attributes in the tag are deprecated in the latest versions of HTML (HTML 4 and XHTML). The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has removed these attributes from its recommendations.
Style sheets (CSS) should be used instead (to define the layout and display properties of HTML elements).
More Examples
Good background image
An example of a background image and a text color that makes the text on the page easy to read.
Good background image 2
An example of a background image and a text color that makes the text on the page easy to read.
Bad background image
An example of a background image and a text color that makes the text on the page very difficult to read.
Computer Joke
Support: "Type dir, space, a, colon."
Customer: "With a space after 'space'?"
HTML Colors
Colors are displayed combining RED, GREEN, and BLUE light sources.
Color Values
HTML colors can be defined as a hexadecimal notation for the combination of Red, Green, and Blue color values (RGB).
The lowest value that can be given to one light source is 0 (hex #00) and the highest value is 255 (hex #FF).
The table below shows the result of combining Red, Green, and Blue light sources:.
Color | Color HEX | Color RGB |
| #000000 | rgb(0,0,0) |
| #FF0000 | rgb(255,0,0) |
| #00FF00 | rgb(0,255,0) |
| #0000FF | rgb(0,0,255) |
| #FFFF00 | rgb(255,255,0) |
| #00FFFF | rgb(0,255,255) |
| #FF00FF | rgb(255,0,255) |
| #C0C0C0 | rgb(192,192,192) |
| #FFFFFF | rgb(255,255,255) |
W3C Standard Color Names
W3C has listed 16 color names that will validate with an HTML validator.
The color names are: aqua, black, blue, fuchsia, gray, green, lime, maroon, navy, olive, purple, red, silver, teal, white, and yellow.
Cross-browser Color Names
A collection of nearly 150 color names are supported by all major browsers.
View the cross-browser color names
Cross-browser Color Values
Some years ago, when most computers only supported 256 different colors, a list of 216 Web Safe Colors was suggested as a Web standard. The reason for this was that the Microsoft and Mac operating system used 40 different "reserved" fixed system colors (about 20 each).
We are not sure how important this is now, since most computers today have the ability to display millions of different colors, but the choice is left to you.
The 216 cross-browser color palette was created to ensure that all computers would display the colors correctly when running a 256 color palette:
000000 | 000033 | 000066 | 000099 | 0000CC | 0000FF |
003300 | 003333 | 003366 | 003399 | 0033CC | 0033FF |
006600 | 006633 | 006666 | 006699 | 0066CC | 0066FF |
009900 | 009933 | 009966 | 009999 | 0099CC | 0099FF |
00CC00 | 00CC33 | 00CC66 | 00CC99 | 00CCCC | 00CCFF |
00FF00 | 00FF33 | 00FF66 | 00FF99 | 00FFCC | 00FFFF |
330000 | 330033 | 330066 | 330099 | 3300CC | 3300FF |
333300 | 333333 | 333366 | 333399 | 3333CC | 3333FF |
336600 | 336633 | 336666 | 336699 | 3366CC | 3366FF |
339900 | 339933 | 339966 | 339999 | 3399CC | 3399FF |
33CC00 | 33CC33 | 33CC66 | 33CC99 | 33CCCC | 33CCFF |
33FF00 | 33FF33 | 33FF66 | 33FF99 | 33FFCC | 33FFFF |
660000 | 660033 | 660066 | 660099 | 6600CC | 6600FF |
663300 | 663333 | 663366 | 663399 | 6633CC | 6633FF |
666600 | 666633 | 666666 | 666699 | 6666CC | 6666FF |
669900 | 669933 | 669966 | 669999 | 6699CC | 6699FF |
66CC00 | 66CC33 | 66CC66 | 66CC99 | 66CCCC | 66CCFF |
66FF00 | 66FF33 | 66FF66 | 66FF99 | 66FFCC | 66FFFF |
990000 | 990033 | 990066 | 990099 | 9900CC | 9900FF |
993300 | 993333 | 993366 | 993399 | 9933CC | 9933FF |
996600 | 996633 | 996666 | 996699 | 9966CC | 9966FF |
999900 | 999933 | 999966 | 999999 | 9999CC | 9999FF |
99CC00 | 99CC33 | 99CC66 | 99CC99 | 99CCCC | 99CCFF |
99FF00 | 99FF33 | 99FF66 | 99FF99 | 99FFCC | 99FFFF |
CC0000 | CC0033 | CC0066 | CC0099 | CC00CC | CC00FF |
CC3300 | CC3333 | CC3366 | CC3399 | CC33CC | CC33FF |
CC6600 | CC6633 | CC6666 | CC6699 | CC66CC | CC66FF |
CC9900 | CC9933 | CC9966 | CC9999 | CC99CC | CC99FF |
CCCC00 | CCCC33 | CCCC66 | CCCC99 | CCCCCC | CCCCFF |
CCFF00 | CCFF33 | CCFF66 | CCFF99 | CCFFCC | CCFFFF |
FF0000 | FF0033 | FF0066 | FF0099 | FF00CC | FF00FF |
FF3300 | FF3333 | FF3366 | FF3399 | FF33CC | FF33FF |
FF6600 | FF6633 | FF6666 | FF6699 | FF66CC | FF66FF |
FF9900 | FF9933 | FF9966 | FF9999 | FF99CC | FF99FF |
FFCC00 | FFCC33 | FFCC66 | FFCC99 | FFCCCC | FFCCFF |
FFFF00 | FFFF33 | FFFF66 | FFFF99 | FFFFCC | FFFFFF |
HTML Color Values
Colors are displayed combining RED, GREEN, and BLUE light sources.
Color Values
HTML colors are defined using a hexadecimal notation for the combination of Red, Green, and Blue color values (RGB). The lowest value that can be given to one of the light sources is 0 (hex #00). The highest value is 255 (hex #FF).
Turn Off the Red
If you turn off the Red light completely, there are 65536 different combination of Green and Blue (256 x 256) to experiment with.
Click here to see some of these combinations of Green and Blue.
Turn On the Red
By setting the Red parameter to its maximum value, there are still 65536 different combination of Green and Blue (256 x 256) to experiment with.
Click here to see some of these combinations of Green and Blue.
16 Million Different Colors
The combination of Red, Green and Blue values from 0 to 255 gives a total of more than 16 million different colors to play with (256 x 256 x 256).
Most modern monitors are capable of displaying at least 16384 different colors.
If you look at the color table below, you will see the result of varying the red light from 0 to 255, while keeping the green and blue light at zero.
To see a full list of 16384 different colors based on red light varying from 0 to 255, click on one of the hexadecimal or rgb values below.
Red Light | HEX | RGB |
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Shades of Gray
Gray colors are displayed using an equal amount of power to all of the light sources. To make it easier for you to select the right gray color we have compiled a table of gray shades for you:
| RGB(0,0,0) | #000000 |
| RGB(8,8,8) | #080808 |
| RGB(16,16,16) | #101010 |
| RGB(24,24,24) | #181818 |
| RGB(32,32,32) | #202020 |
| RGB(40,40,40) | #282828 |
| RGB(48,48,48) | #303030 |
| RGB(56,56,56) | #383838 |
| RGB(64,64,64) | #404040 |
| RGB(72,72,72) | #484848 |
| RGB(80,80,80) | #505050 |
| RGB(88,88,88) | #585858 |
| RGB(96,96,96) | #606060 |
| RGB(104,104,104) | #686868 |
| RGB(112,112,112) | #707070 |
| RGB(120,120,120) | #787878 |
| RGB(128,128,128) | #808080 |
| RGB(136,136,136) | #888888 |
| RGB(144,144,144) | #909090 |
| RGB(152,152,152) | #989898 |
| RGB(160,160,160) | #A0A0A0 |
| RGB(168,168,168) | #A8A8A8 |
| RGB(176,176,176) | #B0B0B0 |
| RGB(184,184,184) | #B8B8B8 |
| RGB(192,192,192) | #C0C0C0 |
| RGB(200,200,200) | #C8C8C8 |
| RGB(208,208,208) | #D0D0D0 |
| RGB(216,216,216) | #D8D8D8 |
| RGB(224,224,224) | #E0E0E0 |
| RGB(232,232,232) | #E8E8E8 |
| RGB(240,240,240) | #F0F0F0 |
| RGB(248,248,248) | #F8F8F8 |
| RGB(255,255,255) | #FFFFFF |
HTML Color Names
HTML Color Names
The table below provides a list of the color names that are supported by all major browsers.
Note: If you want your pages to validate with an HTML or a CSS validator, W3C has listed 16 color names that you can use: aqua, black, blue, fuchsia, gray, green, lime, maroon, navy, olive, purple, red, silver, teal, white, and yellow. If you want to use other colors, you must specify their RGB or HEX value.
Click on a color name (or a hex value) to view the color as the background-color along with different text colors:
Color Name | Color HEX | Color |
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HTML 4.01 Quick List
HTML Quick List from W3Schools. Print it, fold it, and put it in your pocket.
HTML Basic Document
Visible text goes here
Heading Elements
Largest Heading
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
Smallest Heading
Text Elements
This is a paragraph
(line break)
(horizontal rule)
This text is preformatted
Logical Styles
This text is emphasized
This text is strong
This is some computer code
Physical Styles
This text is bold
This text is italic
Links, Anchors, and Image Elements
A named anchor:
Useful Tips Section
Jump to the Useful Tips Section
Unordered list
Ordered list
Definition list
Tables
someheader
someheader
sometext
sometext
Frames
Forms
Entities
< is the same as <
> is the same as >
© is the same as ©
Other Elements
Text quoted from some source.
Address 1
Address 2
City
Source : http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_quick.asp
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